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How to Use a Bible and Concordance
By Jeff A. Benner

In order to make a proper interpretation of the Biblical text one must view the text from an ancient Hebrew's perspective rather than from our modern western perspective. Even if you do not know Hebrew there are resources available to assist you in your studies of the Hebrew text behind the English translation.

Some of the resources you will need are an English translation of the Bible and a concordance with Strong's dictionary keyed to the translation you are using such as the Strong's Concise Concordance. .

To demonstrate this study process let us research the word "rejoice" as found in the King James Version. To begin we look up the word "rejoice" in the concordance. Below is a an example of what you will see in the concordance (The verses listed below are only a portion of what is actually found in the concordance). The left column is a the portion of the verse containing the word "rejoice" (identified as "r"). the middle column is the verse location and the right column identifies the Strong's number assigned to the Hebrew word translated as "rejoice" in that verse.

REJOICE (192)
ye shall r before the LORD your Lev 23:40 8055
ye shall r in all that ye put Deut 12:7 8055
so the LORD will r over you to Deut 26:83 7797
will again r over thee for good Deut 30:9 7797
R, O ye nations, with his people Deut 32:43 7442
with fear, and r with trembling Ps 2:11 1523
I will r in thy salvation Ps 9:14 1523
We will r in thy salvation, and in Ps 20:5 7442
Be glad in the LORD, and r Ps 32:11 1524
Let mount Zion r, let the Ps 48:11 8055
yea, let them exceedingly r Ps 68:3 7797
Let the heavens r, and let the Ps 96:11 8056
I will r, I will divide Shechem Ps 108:7 5937
r in Rezin and Remaliah's son Is 8:6 4885
even them that r in my highness Is 13:3 5947
as thou didst r at the Eze 35:15 8057

The first thing we notice in this study is that the King James Version uses the word "rejoice" 192 times (this number is located after the heading "Rejoice") but, it is an English word used to translate several different Hebrew words. In your notebook you will record each of the Strong's numbers.

The next step is to look up each of these numbers in the dictionary in the back of the concordance. Below is what you will find in the concordance for each of these numbers. When we look up the number "1523" we find that the Hebrew word is "guwl" and means to "spin round" (concrete) and is translated in the King James Version as "rejoice", "glad", "joyful", "joy" and "delight" (abstracts). The concrete meaning of the word is what we are looking for as this would be the more ancient Hebraic meaning of the word and gives a better understanding of what this word implies. Next, go through each of the numbers in our notebook and write in their concrete meanings.

1523.

גול guwl {44x}, a primitive root; properly to spin round (under the influence of any violent emotion), i.e. usually rejoice, or (as crying) fear:- rejoice {27x}, glad {10x}, joyful {4x}, joy {2x}, delight {1x}.

1524.

גיל giyl {10x}, from 1523; a revolution (of time, i.e. an age); also joy:- rejoice {3x}, jou {3x}, gladness {2x}, exceedingly {1x}, of your sort {1x}.

4885.

משוש masows {17x}, from 7797; delight, concrete (the cause or object) or abstract (the feeling):- joy {12x} mirth {3x}, rejoice {2x}.

5937.

עלז alaz {16x}, a primitive root; to jump for joy i.e. exult:- rejoice {12x}, triumph {2x}, joyful {2x}.

5947.

עליז alliyz {7x}, from 5937; exultant:- rejoice {4x}, joyous {3x}.

7442.

רנן ranan {52x}, a primitive root; properly to creak (or emit a stridulous sound), i.e. to shout (usually for joy):- sing {20x}, rejoice {11x}, sing aloud {4x}, shout {4x}, shout for joy {3x}, sing for joy {2x}, crieth {2x}, cry out {2x}, shout aloud {1x}, misc. {3x}.

7797.

שוש suws {27x}, a primitive root; to be bright, i.e. cheerful:- rejoice {20x}, glad {4x}, greatly {1x}, joy {1x}, mirth {1x}.

8055.

שמח samach {152x}, a primitive root; probably to brighten up i.e. (figurativly) be blithe or gleesome:- rejoice {95x}, glad {45x}, joy {5x}, joyful {2x}, merry {2x}, misc. {3x}.

8056.

שמח sameach {23x}, from 8055; blithe or gleeful:- rejoice {11x}, glad {4x}, joyful {3x}, merry {3x}, merrily {1x}, merryhearted {1x}.

8057.

שמחה simchah {94x}, from 8056; blithesomeness or glee (religious or festival):- joy {44x}, gladness {31x}, mirth {8x}, rejoice {3x}, rejoicing {2x}, misc. {6x}.

We now have a more concrete Hebraic understanding of these Hebrew words as seen below.

1523 guwl spin round
1524 giyl revolution
4885 masows an object of delight
5937 alaz jump
5947 aliyz exalt (lift up)
7442 ranan shout
7797 suws bright
8055 samach bright
8056 sameach blithe
8057 simchah religious festival

Notice that the Hebrew word "simchah" (#8057) is derived from "sameach" (#8056) which in turn is derived from "samach" (#8055) being the primitive root to the other two. All three of these words have the three letters S, M and Ch in common, the original root and all three will be related in meaning. Therefore we can see that a "religious festival" is a "bright" time and a time of blithe or glee. We also find a similar relationship between "guwl" (#1523) and "giyl" (#1524), both meaning to go around in a circle.

We can now do a study on the actual Hebrew words themselves. If we wanted to study the Hebrew word "guwl" (#1523) we can look up every place in the Bible where this occurs. To do this we look at the dictionary entry for this Hebrew word and write down all translations for this word; rejoice, glad, joyful, delight. The number in brackets after each word tells you how many times this Hebrew word is translated with that English word. For example, the Hebrew word "guwl" is translated as "joyful" 4 times. We can go back into the concordance and look up the word "joyful" and scan down the right column looking for the 4 times the number 1523 appears as in the abbreviated example below.

JOYFUL (25)
king, and went unto their tents j 1Kin 8:66 8056
for the LORD had made them j Ezr 6:22 8055
And my soul shall be j in the LORD Ps 35:9 1523
to be a j mother of children Ps 113:9 8056
of Zion be j in their King Ps 149:2 1523
In the day of prosperity be j Eccl 7:14 2896
and be j, O earth Is 49:13 1523
make them j in my house of prayer Is 56:7 8055
my soul shall be j in my God Is 61:10 1523

We can now look up the verses above containing the word "guwl" (#1523) and read them interjecting our new understanding of the Hebrew word behind the English translation.

Psalm 35:9 And my soul shall "spin around" in the LORD: It shall rejoice in his salvation.

Psalm 149:2 Let Israel rejoice in him that made him: let the children of Zion "spin around" in their King.

Isaiah 49:13 Sing, O heavens; and "spin around", O earth; and break forth into singing, O mountains: for the LORD hath comforted his people, and will have mercy upon his afflicted.

Isaiah 61:10 I will greatly rejoice in the LORD, my soul shall "spin around" in my God; for he hath clothed me with the garments of salvation, he hath covered me with the robe of righteousness, as a bridegroom decketh himself with ornaments, and as a bride adorneth herself with her jewels.



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